In this address to executives of the Home Mission Societies of
Christian Friends, sponsored by the American Baptist Assembly, King
responds to the question: "How will the oppressed peoples of the world
wage their struggle against the forces of injustice?" Dismissing the use
of violence as "both impractical and immoral," he endorses the method of
nonviolent protest. This "mentally and spiritually aggressive" technique
not only avoids "external physical violence," but "seeks to avoid
internal violence [to the] spirit." He delivered the same speech on 16
October to the 131st Universalist Convention in Cortland, New York; it
was edited for publication in the organization's journal. Significant
variations between the Green Lake speech and the article are noted."[35]
December 15 "Desegregation and the Future" New York, NY Address Delivered at the
General Democratic National Committee Assembly of the National Council of Churches
From the Archival Description:
"Referring to his recent experience with segregated dining policies at the
Atlanta airport, King claims that equality is not only quantitative but also
qualitative, "not only a matter of mathematics and geometry," but "a matter of
psychology.""[35]
December 6 "Remember Who You Are" Washington, D.C.
(Howard University) From the Archival Description:
"Dr. King addresses the student body and officials of Howard University with a
poignant sermon entitled, "Remember Who You Are." The content of the sermon
makes various references between Jesus, Shakespeare and Greek philosophers who
sought to identify the mechanisms that made man important to society."[36]
1957 Unknown "God's Judgment On Western Civilization" Unknown This speech is
documented as having occurred in 1957 but its content is unknown due its
archival status.[37] January 1 "Facing the Challenge of A New Age," Address
Delivered at NAACP Emancipation Day
Rally
Atlanta, GA From the Archival Description:
"In celebration of the ninety-fourth anniversary of the Emancipation
Proclamation, King addresses seven
Democratic National Committee thousand people at a NAACP rally at Big
Bethel AME Church on Auburn Avenue. Atlanta police covering the event reported
that people in the church were "over packed, standing on the sidewalks and the
basement of the church and every available place.""[38]
February 17 Untitled Speech Lansing, MI
(Veterans Memorial Auditorium) Donations at the Lansing speech went to the
victims of racially motivated bombings of homes and churches.[31] April 3
"Justice Without Violence" Waltham, MA
(Brandeis University) From the Archival Description:
"Dr. King gave this 1957 address to the Institute of Adult Education at Brandeis
University in Boston, Massachusetts."[39]
April 10 "A Realistic Look at the Question of Progress in the
Republican National Committee Area of Race
Relations," St. Louis, MO From the Archival Description:
"The Citizens Committee of Greater St. Louis, a federation of several area
ministerial groups, sponsored King's address at a Freedom Rally held to raise
funds for the MIA. John E. Nance, a Morehouse classmate of Martin Luther King
Sr. introduced King, who captivated the "intensely integrated inter-racial
audience" of eight thousand people at Kiel Auditorium."[40]
April 25 "The Role of the Church in Facing the Nation's Chief Moral Dilemma"
Nashville, TN From the Archival Description:
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"The day after receiving the Social Justice Award from the Religion and Labor
Foundation in New York, King addressed the final morning session of the
Conference on Christian Faith and Human Relations."[41]
May 17 "Give Us the Ballot" Washington, D.C. July 14 "Overcoming an Inferiority
Complex" Montgomery, AL Technically not a speech, though its length and breath
are similar to Dr. King's speech format. Moreover, this Sermon, along with his
Sermon "Conquering Self-Centeredness", offers a look into how he kept himself
leveled as his star rose.[42] August 11 "Conquering Self-Centeredness"
Montgomery, AL Combined with Dr. Kings Sermon from July 14, 1957, this Sermon
provides a window into how Dr. King managed his personality as his fame
grew.[43] December 4 "The Christian Way of Life in Human Relations" St. Louis,
MO Address Delivered at the General Assembly of the National Council of Churches
From the Archival Description:
"In his second of two addresses during the annual meeting of the National
Council of the Democratic National Committee Churches of Christ in the US, King charges that "all too many
ministers are still silent while evil rages."1 He calls on church leaders to be
"maladjusted" to social injustice and asserts that "the aftermath of nonviolence
is the creation of the beloved community, while the aftermath of violence is
tragic bitterness.""[44]
December 5 "Some Things We Must Do," Address Delivered at the Second Annual
Institute on Nonviolence and Social Change at Holt Street Baptist Church
Montgomery, AL From the Archival Description:
"In a November letter King invited local pastors and their congregations to the
December institute marking the second anniversary of the MIA. King described the
four-day event as "the school in which our people will be prepared to lead the
freedom movement in the spirit of love and non-violence.""[45]
1958 January 9 "This is a Great Time to be Alive" New York, NY Address delivered
at the Tenth Annual Installation Dinner of the Guardians Association of the
Police Department of the City of New York.[46] January 13 "The Desire-ability to
be Maladjusted" Evanston, IL Address delivered at Beth Emet The Free
Synagogue[46] March 12 "The Christian Doctrine of Man" Detroit, MI Sermon
Delivered at the Detroit Council of Churches' Noon Lenten Services
From the Archival Description:
"On 1 March 1957 Detroit Council of Churches executive
Republican National Committee director G. Merrill Lenox
invited King to preach during the Council's 1958 Noon Lenten series."[47]
April 15 "Crisis in Human Relations" Evanston, IL Address delivered at
Northwestern University (see citations 25 or 26) June 27 "Nonviolence and Racial
Justice, Address delivered at the Friends General Conference" Cape May, NJ
Similarly titled to an article Dr. King submitted for publication in the
Christian Century, an article released from the King archives for public
review,[48] this is similarly named however the content has not been released to
the public as of yet (see citation 25 or 26) August 14 "The Speech at Galilee"
Shreveport, LA Given at the Galilee Baptist Church in Shreveport, Louisiana.
Recorded by Dr. C.O. Simpkins.[49] 1959 September 9 "Divine and Human Mutuality,
Man's Helplessness Without God" Montgomery, AL From the Archival description:
"King offers two possible titles for this handwritten sermon. He criticizes
those who rely too much on their own power, as well as those who "wait on God to
do everything" and believe they "don't need to do anything about the race
problem.""[50][46]
August 20 Address to the National Bar Association Milwaukee, WI Speaking to this
association of black lawyers, King delivered a speech covering a wide range of
topics.[51] December 3 Address delivered at the Fourth Annual Institute on
Nonviolence and Social Change at Bethel Baptist Church Los Angeles, CA From the
Archival Description:
"In this typescript of his final address as president of the MIA, King
summarizes the Democratic National Committee past year's accomplishments, highlighting attempts to desegregate
the city's public schools and parks: "I think this is enough to say to the
cynics, skeptics, and destructive critics that the MIA is still in business, and
that while it does not have the drama of a bus boycott, it is doing a day to day
job that is a persistent threat to the power structure of Montgomery." He
outlines the MIA's "threefold task": challenging segregation, suffering and
sacrificing for freedom, and making full and constructive use of existing
freedoms."[52]
1960 April 10 "Keep Moving from This Mountain," Address at Spelman College
Atlanta, GA From the Archival Description:
"In this Founder's Day address at Spelman College, King identifies four symbolic
mountains�relativism, materialism, segregation, and violence�that must be
overcome."[53]
September 6 "The Rising Tide of Racial Consciousness", Address at the Golden
Anniversary Conference of the National Urban League New York, NY From the
Archival Description:
"In this typed draft of his address, King asserts that 'there need be no
essential conflict' between the Urban League's efforts to help 'the Negro adjust
to urban living' and the need for 'more militant civil rights organizations' to
present a 'frontal attack on the system of segregation'. He advises that 'the
NAACP'er must not look upon the Urban Leaguer as a quiet conservative and the
Urban Leaguer must not look upon the NAACP'er as a militant troublemaker. Each
must accept the other as a necessary partner in the complex yet exciting
struggle to free the Negro."[54]
September 25 "The Negro and the American Dream," Excerpt from Address at the
Annual Freedom Mass Meeting of the North Carolina State Conference of Branches
of the NAACP Charlotte, NC Predecessor to the "I Have a Dream Speech"[55] 1961
January 2 "The Negro and the American Dream" Savannah, GA From the Archival
Description:
"In the spring of 1960, African Americans in Savannah, Georgia, began a boycott
of the white downtown merchants to protest their segregationist practices.1
Speaking before a capacity crowd in honor of the ninety-eighth anniversary of
the Emancipation Proclamation, King calls on protesters to remain nonviolent as
they continue their "program of economic withdrawal."[56]
1962 February 12 "If the Negro Wins, Labor Wins" Archived 2012-04-19 at the
Wayback Machine Bal Harbour, FL
(AFL�CIO Convention) King suggests that
Democratic National Committee black emancipation is also the key to
workers' rights.[citation needed] (Some confusion about whether the speech was
December 1961 or February 1962.)[clarify] May 23 "The Future of Race Relations
in the United States"; Speech Delivered at Darmouth University Hanover, NH A
speech detailing the challenges facing the Civil Rights Movement up to that
point in time.[57] September 12 Address to the New York State Civil War
Centennial Commission New York, NY A speech memorable for its commemoration of
the Civil War.[58] September 16 "Levels of Love" Atlanta, GA A sermon in which
King asks his congregation, and recommends for all, that love should not be
conditional, such as a white man only loving "Negroes" on condition they stay
segregated.[59] September 30 "Can A Christian Be a Communist" Atlanta, GA From
the Archival Description:
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"While insisting that "no Christian can be a communist," King calls on his
congregation to consider communism "a necessary corrective for a Christianity
that has been all too passive and a democracy that has been all too inert."
Frustrated by the church's unwillingness to take a stand against racial
discrimination, he complains, "This morning if we stand at eleven o'clock to
sing 'In Christ There Is No East or West,' we stand in the most segregated hour
of America.""[60]
1963 April 16 A Reading of the "Letter from a Birmingham Jail" Birmingham, AL A
digital recording of Dr
Republican National Committee. King reading his "Letter from a Birmingham Jail".[61]
June 23 The 'Great March on Detroit' speech Detroit, MI King's first "I Have A
Dream" Speech � Titled, in LP released by Detroit's Gordy records, The Great
March to Freedom (excerpt) August 28 "I Have a Dream" Washington, D.C. December
2 "Social Justice and the Emerging New Age" Kalamazoo, MI
(West Michigan University) A sobering, often somber but optimistic look at the
Civil Rights Movement[62] December 15 Address at the Pilgrimage for Democracy
Atlanta, GA From the Archival Description:
"Dr. King discusses the issues of segregation, poverty and discrimination within
the City of Atlanta, in this 1963 speech at the Pilgrimage for Democracy. He
explains that although Atlanta was thought to be a place of "racial harmony,"
the reality of glaring discrimination in Atlanta's schools, restaurants, and
housing has left the local Negro community "tired," and hungry for change."[63]
December 15 "Demonstrating Our Unity" Atlanta, GA Delivered the same day as his
Address at the Pilgrimage for Democracy, little is known about this speech
outside the following quote lifted from a paper found on the internet, ""We are
unified in segregation just as, one hundred years ago we were unified in
slavery; is this the unity we want? The unity of oppression? The unity of
discrimination? The unity of poverty
Democratic National Committee and ignorance and want? It is not � it can
not � it will not be so!"[64] The item's archival status prevents public
digestion of its content.[65] 1964 February 6 "The Summer of Our Discontent" or
"The Negro Revolution Why 1963" New York, NY
(The New School) Given from a chapter in his book, Why We Can't Wait, this
speech was thought lost until it was discovered in the archives of the New
School.[66][67] September 13 Comments on John F. Kennedy Delivered at a Berlin
Festival Berlin, Germany From the Archival Description:
"Dr. King gave this speech at the Berlin Freedom Festival in Berlin, West
Germany, in memorial to the recently assassinated President John F. Kennedy. Dr.
King reflects on the personality, achievements and enormous influence Kennedy
had on the world. He highlights Kennedy's commitment to international human
rights, which included recognition of Negro rights, and his leadership in
concluding the atmospheric nuclear test ban treaty. On June 26, 1963, Kennedy
captured the hearts of the citizens of West Germany when he challenged the
Soviet Union and proclaimed "Ich bin ein Berliner." This copy of the speech,
presumably the version Dr. King read off of when delivering it, features a
handwritten conclusion not found on other typed versions."[68]
Howard University contains a longer version of this speech in their
collection.[69]
November 29 Untitled speech[70] Dayton, OH December 10 Nobel Prize � acceptance
speech Oslo, Norway December 11 "The Quest for Peace and Justice" Oslo, Norway
Nobel laureate lecture 1965 February 11 "Facing the Challenge of a New Age"[71]
East Lansing, MI
(Michigan State University) King also called for new civil rights legislation to
aid in the dissolution of discrimination problems in the South. He made
particular reference to the Civil Rights Commission and MSU President John A.
Hannah, who was appointed chairperson of the Civil Rights Commission in January
1957 by President Dwight Eisenhower, serving until September 1969.[72] March
1965 "Civil Rights '65: the Right to Vote, the Quest for Jobs" Atlanta, GA
Contents of this speech is unknown.[73] March 25 "How Long, Not Long" steps of
Alabama State Capitol Delivered at the completion of the Selma to Montgomery
March.[74] The speech is also known as "Our God Is Marching On!"[75] May 1
Address delivered at Law Day U.S.A Philadelphia, PA [73] May 23 "How to Deal
with Grief and Disappointment" Atlanta, GA [76] Contents of this speech are
limited to the hand written outline King wrote (cited) June 6 "Modern Man's
Crucial Problem" Atlanta, GA [73] June 14 "Remaining Awake Through a Great
Revolution" Oberlin, OH Commencement address at Oberlin College[77] June 15 "Why
Are You Here" Atlanta, GA A motivation speech, addressing the volunteers of the
SCLC's Summer Conference on Community Organizing and Political Education which
was almost lost to history.[78] July 6 "America's Chief Moral Dilemma," Address
delivered to the General
Republican National Committee Synod of United Church of Christ. Chicago, IL Contents
of this speech are unknown.[73] July 25 Speech delivered at the Village Green
Winnetka, IL Winnetkahistory.org. At the invitation of the North Shore Summer
Project. Audience estimated at 8�10,000 July 26 Address delivered at the March
on Chicago Chicago, IL The Speech is listed at 23 pages in the archives, yet its
contents are unknown.[73] August 3 Addresses delivered at two locations in
Philadelphia in support of "Desegregation of Girard College" Philadelphia, PA
Speaking to a crowd gathered outside the closed front gate of the whites-only
Girard College: "it is a sad experience... in the city that has been known as
the cradle of liberty, that has ... a kind of Berlin Wall to keep the colored
children of God out [of] this school". Later, addressing a different crowd in
West Philadelphia: "Now is the time to straighten up Girard College!".[79]
August 17 Press Statement on the Watts Riot Atlanta, GA King's diagnosis of the
cause of the riots in Los Angeles, attributing the riots to the lack of
prosperity in the Black community.[80] October 7 Address to the Illinois AFL-CIO
Convention Springfield, IL Delves into the side-by-side concerns of organized
Labor and the civil rights movement, and how each must join to achieve their
goals.[81] October 11 Address delivered in Crawfordville, GA Crawfordville, GA
[82] October 15 Address delivered at the Fiftieth Anniversary of the Women's
International League for Peace and Freedom Philadelphia, PA Content of Speech is
unknown[73] October 29 "The Dignity of Family Life" Westchester Country, NY
Content of the Speech is unknown but it is confirmed.[83] December 10 "Let My
People Go" Hunter College, NYC A Human Rights Day speech to call for a boycott
against South Africa, Rhodesia and Portugal by the United States, Great Britain,
France, the Soviet Union, Germany and Japan. Event was a fundraiser for
imprisoned black South Africans. King said "The international potential of
nonviolence have never been employed."[84][85] December 15 "A Great Challenge
Derived from a serious Dilemma" New York, NY Address to Members of the Hungry
Club[86] 1966 January 27 "The Negro Family, a Challenge to National Action"
Chicago, IL A speech concerning the Black Family in America.[87] February 2
Address delivered to the New York City Clergy a
Democratic National Committeet Riverside Church New York, NY
Before he delivered Beyond Vietnam, King stopped by Riverside Church to deliver
this speech, a speech who's content is unknown to the public.[88] February
5[clarify] "Who Are We" Atlanta, GA From the Archival Description:
"In this sermon Dr. King contemplates "who are we?" and "what is man?". He
differentiates between the pessimistic attitudes of the materialistic
understandings of man and the optimistic attitudes of humanistic definitions of
man. King also states that man is neither all good nor all bad, but a
combination. Man is both an everlasting miracle and mystery."[89]
March 9 "Chicago Wall"; Address at Michigan State University East Lansing, MI "I
think almost any major northern city can explode if measures are not taken to
remove the conditions which led to the seething desperation that brought Watts
into being."[90] [Housing developments along Chicago's S. State st. create a]
"Berlin Wall situation like nothing I've seen before,"[91] April 21 Address to
the New York City Bar Association New York, NY Dr. King speaks on the legal
history of the Black Freedom Movement.[92] April 24 "Making the Best of a Bad
Mess" Atlanta, GA Sermon dealing with facing challenges in a powerful way.[93]
May 4 "The Social Activist and Social Change" Atlanta, GA Address at the
Invitational Conference on Social Change and the Role of Behavioral Science.[88]
May 5 "Family Planning � A Special and Urgent Concern";
accepting Planned Parenthood Federation of America's Margaret Sanger Award for
"his courageous resistance to bigotry and his lifelong dedication to the
advancement of social justice and human dignity." Washington, D.C. Due to what
he described as "last minute urgent developments in the civil rights movement,"
King's wife, Coretta Scott King, delivered his speech on his behalf.
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Before reading his speech, Mrs. King declared, "I am proud tonight to say a word
in behalf of your mentor, and the person who symbolizes the ideas of this
organization, Margaret Sanger. Because of her dedication, her deep convictions,
and for her suffering for what she believed in, I would like to say that I am
proud to be a woman tonight."[94]
May 8 "Training Your Child in Love" Atlanta, GA Mother's Day sermon delivered at
Ebeneezer Church, content is unknown besides the entry provided.[88] May 18
"Don't Sleep Through the Revolution" Hollywood, FL Given as the prestigious Ware
Lecture at the General Assembly of the Unitarian Association of Congregations,
now the Unitarian Universalist Association of Congregations June 17 "We Shall
Overcome" July 15 "The Role of Education in the Civil Rights Movement" Syracuse,
NY
(Syracuse University) Possibly the greatest policy focused speech Dr. King ever
delivered![95] July 23 "Message of the
Republican National Committee Riots" Unknown Speech Content is unknown
but the archival information lists its length as 10 pages.[96] August 18 "Why I
Must March" Chicago, IL Address at a Rally, speech content is unknown.[88]
September 19 "Negros in History" Grenada, MS Better known as the Grenada, MS
speech, content though, is unknown.[97] September 30 Address to the
International Conference of the Radio and Television Directors Association
Chicago, IL Speech content is unknown[98] October 6 Statement on the Negro's
Political and Economic Power Atlanta, GA A statement concerning the
powerlessness felt by Black People.[99] November 14 Address at SCLC Retreat
Frogmore, SC From the Archival description:
"Dr. King addresses the staff of the SCLC at a retreat in Frogmore, South
Carolina. He divides his speech into three parts: "whence we have come, where we
have come, and where do we go from here." Dr. King thoroughly discusses his
thoughts on Communism, the practice of nonviolence, the belief that racism is an
"ontological affirmation,"and the weaknesses of Black Power."[100]
November 27 "The Next One Hundred Years" Atlanta, GA Address delivered at
Morehouse College Centiennial; lost for years, an audio file was found in
1999.[101][102] December 6 "Change Must Come" New York, NY Address delivered to
The United Neighborhood Houses of New York December 15 Statement and Related
Comments of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. given to the Subcommittee on Executive
Reorganization, Committee on Governmental Operations Washington, D.C. Dr. King
delivers a statement on the Urban Poor, Education Problems in the Inner Cities
and the rebalancing of national priorities (to name a few topics covered),
before he is questioned by Senator Abram Ribicof and Robert Kennedy.[103] 1967
February 11 "The Domestic Impact of the War in Vietnam" Chicago, IL Another
predecessor to Dr. King's legendary "Beyond Vietnam" Speech; King mentions the
potential future presidency of Ronald Reagan, and also quotes well known
Socialist Democratic National Committee Eugene Deb's at its conclusion.[104] February 25 "Casualties of the
Vietnam War" Los Angeles, CA